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@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
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<command/apt-get/ is the command-line tool for handling packages, and may be
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considered the user's "back-end" to other tools using the APT library.
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<para>
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- Unless the <option/-h/, or <option/--help/ option is given one of the
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+ Unless the <option/-h/, or <option/--help/ option is given, one of the
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commands below must be present.
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<VariableList>
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@@ -80,7 +80,8 @@
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<VarListEntry><Term>dselect-upgrade</Term>
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<ListItem><Para>
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- is used in conjunction with the traditional Debian GNU/Linux packaging
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+ <literal/dselect-upgrade/
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+ is used in conjunction with the traditional Debian packaging
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front-end, &dselect;. <literal/dselect-upgrade/
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follows the changes made by &dselect; to the <literal/Status/
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field of available packages, and performs the actions necessary to realize
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@@ -94,9 +95,11 @@
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<literal/upgrade/, also intelligently handles changing dependencies
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with new versions of packages; <command/apt-get/ has a "smart" conflict
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resolution system, and it will attempt to upgrade the most important
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- packages at the expense of less important ones if necessary.
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+ packages at the expense of less important ones if necessary.
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The <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</> file contains a list of locations
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from which to retrieve desired package files.
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+ See also &apt-preferences; for a mechanism for
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+ overriding the general settings for individual packages.
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</VarListEntry>
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<VarListEntry><Term>install</Term>
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@@ -104,14 +107,14 @@
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<literal/install/ is followed by one or more packages desired for
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installation. Each package is a package name, not a fully qualified
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filename (for instance, in a Debian GNU/Linux system, libc6 would be the
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- argument provided, not em(libc6_1.9.6-2.deb)). All packages required
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+ argument provided, not <literal/libc6_1.9.6-2.deb/). All packages required
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by the package(s) specified for installation will also be retrieved and
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installed. The <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</> file is used to locate
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the desired packages. If a hyphen is appended to the package name (with
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no intervening space), the identified package will be removed if it is
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installed. Similarly a plus sign can be used to designate a package to
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install. These latter features may be used to override decisions made by
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- apt-get's conflict resolution system.
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+ apt-get's conflict resolution system.
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<para>
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A specific version of a package can be selected for installation by
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following the package name with an equals and the version of the package
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@@ -123,11 +126,17 @@
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Both of the version selection mechanisms can downgrade packages and must
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be used with care.
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<para>
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+ Finally, the &apt-preferences; mechanism allows you to
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+ create an alternative installation policy for
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+ individual packages.
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+ <para>
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If no package matches the given expression and the expression contains one
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- of '.', '?' or '*' then it is assumed to be a POSIX regex and it is applied
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+ of '.', '?' or '*' then it is assumed to be a POSIX regular expression,
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+ and it is applied
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to all package names in the database. Any matches are then installed (or
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removed). Note that matching is done by substring so 'lo.*' matches 'how-lo'
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- and 'lowest'. If this is undesired prefix with a '^' character.
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+ and 'lowest'. If this is undesired, anchor the regular expression
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+ with a '^' or '$' character, or create a more specific regular expression.
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</VarListEntry>
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<VarListEntry><Term>remove</Term>
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@@ -135,7 +144,7 @@
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<literal/remove/ is identical to <literal/install/ except that packages are
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removed instead of installed. If a plus sign is appended to the package
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name (with no intervening space), the identified package will be
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- installed.
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+ installed instead of removed.
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</VarListEntry>
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<VarListEntry><Term>source</Term>
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@@ -166,7 +175,7 @@
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<VarListEntry><Term>build-dep</Term>
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<ListItem><Para>
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<literal/build-dep/ causes apt-get to install/remove packages in an
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- attempt to satisfy the build dependencies for a source packages.
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+ attempt to satisfy the build dependencies for a source package.
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</VarListEntry>
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<VarListEntry><Term>check</Term>
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@@ -194,7 +203,7 @@
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useless. This allows a cache to be maintained over a long period without
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it growing out of control. The configuration option
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<literal/APT::Clean-Installed/ will prevent installed packages from being
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- erased if it is set off.
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+ erased if it is set to off.
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</VarListEntry>
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</VariableList>
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</RefSect1>
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@@ -367,7 +376,8 @@
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lets you have simple control over which distribution packages will be
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retrieved from. Some common examples might be
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<option>-t '2.1*'</> or <option>-t unstable</>.
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- Configuration Item: <literal/APT::Default-Release/
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+ Configuration Item: <literal/APT::Default-Release/;
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+ see also the &apt-preferences; manual page.
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</VarListEntry>
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<VarListEntry><term><option/--trivial-only/</>
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@@ -414,7 +424,7 @@
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<variablelist>
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<VarListEntry><term><filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</></term>
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<ListItem><Para>
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- locations to fetch packages from.
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+ Locations to fetch packages from.
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Configuration Item: <literal/Dir::Etc::SourceList/.
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</VarListEntry>
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@@ -432,32 +442,36 @@
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<VarListEntry><term><filename>/etc/apt/preferences</></term>
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<ListItem><Para>
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- version preferences file
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+ Version preferences file.
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+ This is where you would specify "pinning",
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+ i.e. a preference to get certain packages
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+ from a separate source
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+ or from a different version of a distribution.
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Configuration Item: <literal/Dir::Etc::Preferences/.
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</VarListEntry>
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<VarListEntry><term><filename>&cachedir;/archives/</></term>
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<ListItem><Para>
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- storage area for retrieved package files.
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+ Storage area for retrieved package files.
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Configuration Item: <literal/Dir::Cache::Archives/.
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</VarListEntry>
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<VarListEntry><term><filename>&cachedir;/archives/partial/</></term>
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<ListItem><Para>
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- storage area for package files in transit.
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+ Storage area for package files in transit.
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Configuration Item: <literal/Dir::Cache::Archives/ (implicit partial).
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</VarListEntry>
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<VarListEntry><term><filename>&statedir;/lists/</></term>
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<ListItem><Para>
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- storage area for state information for each package resource specified in
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+ Storage area for state information for each package resource specified in
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&sources-list;
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Configuration Item: <literal/Dir::State::Lists/.
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</VarListEntry>
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<VarListEntry><term><filename>&statedir;/lists/partial/</></term>
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<ListItem><Para>
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- storage area for state information in transit.
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+ Storage area for state information in transit.
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Configuration Item: <literal/Dir::State::Lists/ (implicit partial).
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</VarListEntry>
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</variablelist>
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@@ -466,7 +480,7 @@
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<RefSect1><Title>See Also</>
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<para>
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&apt-cache;, &apt-cdrom;, &dpkg;, &dselect;, &sources-list;, &apt-conf;,
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- The APT User's guide in &docdir;, &apt-preferences;.
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+ The APT User's guide in &docdir;, &apt-preferences;, the APT Howto.
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</RefSect1>
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<RefSect1><Title>Diagnostics</>
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Arch Librarian