|
|
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
|
|
|
<title>APT User's Guide</title>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<author>Jason Gunthorpe <email>jgg@debian.org</email></author>
|
|
|
-<version>$Id: guide.sgml,v 1.1 1998/07/02 02:58:12 jgg Exp $</version>
|
|
|
+<version>$Id: guide.sgml,v 1.2 1998/11/23 01:15:59 jgg Exp $</version>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<abstract>
|
|
|
This document provides an overview of how to use the the APT package manager.
|
|
|
@@ -111,9 +111,8 @@ available. This is done with <tt>apt-get update</>. For instance,
|
|
|
# apt-get update
|
|
|
Get http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/binary-i386/ Packages
|
|
|
Get http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ frozen/contrib Packages
|
|
|
-Updating package file cache...done
|
|
|
-Updating package status cache...done
|
|
|
-Checking system integrity...ok
|
|
|
+Reading Package Lists... Done
|
|
|
+Building Dependency Tree... Done
|
|
|
</example>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
@@ -219,10 +218,6 @@ developmental version. <em>non-US</> is only available on some mirrors and
|
|
|
refers to packages that contain encryption technology or other things that
|
|
|
cannot be exported from the United States. Importing these packages into the
|
|
|
US is legal however.
|
|
|
-<footnote>As of this writing the non-US distribution has
|
|
|
-not been created, the only way to access it is by specifying
|
|
|
-stable/binary-i386/ at this prompt and by specifying a URL ending in
|
|
|
-debian-non-US </footnote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
<example>
|
|
|
@@ -255,6 +250,11 @@ perform the installation using [I]nstall. When using the APT method
|
|
|
the [C]onfig and [R]emove commands have no meaning, the [I]nstall command
|
|
|
performs both of them together.
|
|
|
|
|
|
+<p>
|
|
|
+By default APT will automatically remove the packages once they have been
|
|
|
+sucessfully installed. To change this behavor place <tt>Dselect::clean
|
|
|
+"prompt";</> in /etc/apt/apt.conf.
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
</chapt>
|
|
|
<!-- }}} -->
|
|
|
<!-- The Interfaces {{{ -->
|
|
|
@@ -275,61 +275,56 @@ informative status messages so that you can estimate how far along it is and
|
|
|
how much is left to do.
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- ===================================================================== -->
|
|
|
-<sect>The Pre-Checks
|
|
|
+<sect>Startup
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
-Before all operations, except update, APT performs a number of checks on the
|
|
|
-systems. These are designed to safe guard the operations it is about to
|
|
|
-undertake. At any time the full set of checks may be run by performing
|
|
|
-<tt>apt-get check</>.
|
|
|
+Before all operations, except update, APT performs a number of actions to
|
|
|
+prepare its internal state. It also does some checks of the systems state.
|
|
|
+At any time these operations can be performed by running <tt>apt-get chec</>
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
<example>
|
|
|
# apt-get check
|
|
|
-Updating package file cache...done
|
|
|
-Updating package status cache...done
|
|
|
-Checking system integrity...ok
|
|
|
+Reading Package Lists... Done
|
|
|
+Building Dependancy Tree... Done
|
|
|
</example>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
-The first check is to ensure that the archive package lists are matched to
|
|
|
-the pre-generated data cache, if they are not then the cache is automatically
|
|
|
-refreshed. This may fail if <tt>apt-get update</> has not been run to
|
|
|
-synchronize with the <em>Sources</>. The next check verifies that the state of
|
|
|
-the system matches the cached state and automatically rebuilds the cached
|
|
|
-state if they are not synchronized. This check should never fail and it
|
|
|
-indicates a serious error if it ever does.
|
|
|
+The first thing it does is read all the package files into memory. APT
|
|
|
+uses a caching scheme so this operation will be faster the second time it
|
|
|
+is run. If some of the package files are not found then they will be ignored
|
|
|
+and a warning will be printed when apt-get exits.
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
-The final check performs a detailed analysis of the system integrity. It
|
|
|
-checks every dependency of every installed or unpacked package and considers
|
|
|
+The final operation performs a detailed analysis of the systems dependencies.
|
|
|
+It checks every dependency of every installed or unpacked package and considers
|
|
|
if it is ok. Should this find a problem then a report will be printed out and
|
|
|
<prgn>apt-get</> will refuse to run.
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
<example>
|
|
|
# apt-get check
|
|
|
-Updating package file cache...done
|
|
|
-Updating package status cache...done
|
|
|
-Checking system integrity...dependency error
|
|
|
+Reading Package Lists... Done
|
|
|
+Building Dependancy Tree... Done
|
|
|
You might want to run apt-get -f install' to correct these.
|
|
|
-Sorry, but the following packages are broken - this means they have unmet
|
|
|
-dependencies:
|
|
|
- libdbd-mysql-perl: Depends:perl
|
|
|
- xzx: Depends:xlib6
|
|
|
- libdbd-msql-perl: Depends:perl
|
|
|
- mailpgp: Depends:pgp-i Depends:pgp-us
|
|
|
- xdpkg: Depends:python
|
|
|
- squake: Depends:quake-lib Depends:quake-lib-stub
|
|
|
- debmake: Depends:fileutils
|
|
|
- libreadlineg2: Conflicts:libreadline2
|
|
|
- ssh: Depends:gmp2 Depends:xlib6g Depends:zlib1g
|
|
|
+Sorry, but the following packages have unmet dependencies:
|
|
|
+ 9fonts: Depends: xlib6g but it is not installed
|
|
|
+ uucp: Depends: mailx but it is not installed
|
|
|
+ blast: Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed
|
|
|
+ adduser: Depends: perl-base but it is not installed
|
|
|
+ aumix: Depends: libgpmg1 but it is not installed
|
|
|
+ debiandoc-sgml: Depends: sgml-base but it is not installed
|
|
|
+ bash-builtins: Depends: bash (>= 2.01) but 2.0-3 is installed
|
|
|
+ cthugha: Depends: svgalibg1 but it is not installed
|
|
|
+ Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed
|
|
|
+ libreadlineg2: Conflicts:libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)
|
|
|
</example>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
In this example the system has many problems, including a serious problem
|
|
|
with libreadlineg2. For each package that has unmet dependencies a line
|
|
|
is printed out indicating the package with the problem and the dependencies
|
|
|
-that are unmet. For brevity the version inter-relationships are omitted.
|
|
|
+that are unmet. A short explanation of why the package has a dependency
|
|
|
+problem is also included.
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
There are two ways a system can get into a broken state like this. The
|
|
|
@@ -472,6 +467,9 @@ installed packages. It is roughly equivalent to the space required in
|
|
|
removed then the value may indicate the amount of space that will be
|
|
|
freed.
|
|
|
|
|
|
+<p>
|
|
|
+Some other reports can be generated by using the -u option to show packages
|
|
|
+to upgrade, they are similar to the previous examples.
|
|
|
</sect>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- ===================================================================== -->
|
|
|
@@ -483,12 +481,12 @@ status messages,
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
<example>
|
|
|
# apt-get update
|
|
|
-Get http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/binary-i386/ Packages
|
|
|
-Get http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ frozen/contrib Packages
|
|
|
-Get http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ frozen/main Packages
|
|
|
-Get http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ unstable/binary-i386/ Packages
|
|
|
-Get http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ frozen/non-free Packages
|
|
|
-11% [Packages `Waiting for file' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s
|
|
|
+Get:1 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/non-US/ Packages
|
|
|
+Get:2 http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ frozen/contrib Packages
|
|
|
+Hit http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ frozen/main Packages
|
|
|
+Get:4 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ unstable/binary-i386/ Packages
|
|
|
+Get:5 http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ frozen/non-free Packages
|
|
|
+11% [5 frozen/non-free `Waiting for file' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s
|
|
|
</example>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
@@ -503,7 +501,8 @@ inaccuracies.
|
|
|
The next section of the status line is repeated once for each dowload thread
|
|
|
and indicates the operation being performed and some usefull information
|
|
|
about what is happening. Sometimes this section will simply read <em>Forking</>
|
|
|
-which means the OS is loading the download module. The first word after the [
|
|
|
+which means the OS is loading the download module. The first word after the [
|
|
|
+is the fetch number as shown on the history lines. The next word
|
|
|
is the short form name of the object being downloaded. For archives it will
|
|
|
contain the name of the package that is being fetched.
|
|
|
|
Arch Librarian