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<title>APT User's Guide</title>
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<author>Jason Gunthorpe <email>jgg@debian.org</email></author>
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-<version>$Id: guide.sgml,v 1.3 2001/02/20 07:03:17 jgg Exp $</version>
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+<version>$Id: guide.sgml,v 1.4 2001/04/10 07:02:55 jgg Exp $</version>
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<abstract>
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This document provides an overview of how to use the the APT package manager.
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@@ -39,14 +39,14 @@ the Internet.
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<p>
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The Debian packaging system has a large amount of information associated with
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each package to help assure that it integrates cleanly and easily into
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-the system. The most prominent of features is the dependency system.
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+the system. The most prominent of its features is the dependency system.
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<p>
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The dependency system allows individual programs to make use of shared
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elements in the system such as libraries. It simplifies placing infrequently
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used portions of a program in separate packages to reduce the
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number of things the average user is required to install. Also, it allows
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-a choices in for such things as mail transport agents, X servers and
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+for choices in mail transport agents, X servers and
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so on.
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<p>
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@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ for installation.
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<p>
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<prgn>apt-get</> provides a simple way to install packages from the command
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line. Unlike <prgn>dpkg</>, <prgn>apt-get</> does not understand .deb files,
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-it works with the packages proper name and can only install .deb archives from
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+it works with the package's proper name and can only install .deb archives from
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a <em>Source</>.
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<p>
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@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ Building Dependency Tree... Done
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</example>
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<p>
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-Once updated there are several useful commands that can be used,
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+Once updated there are several commands that can be used:
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<taglist>
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<tag>upgrade<item>
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Upgrade will attempt to gently upgrade the whole system. Upgrade will
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@@ -125,20 +125,20 @@ ever upgrade a package that might cause some other package to break.
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This can be used daily to relatively safely upgrade the system. Upgrade
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will list all of the packages that it could not upgrade, this usually
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means that they depend on new packages or conflict with some other package.
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-<prgn>Dselect</> or <tt>apt-get install</> can be used to force these
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+<prgn>dselect</> or <tt>apt-get install</> can be used to force these
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packages to install.
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<tag>install<item>
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-Install is used to install single packages by name. The package is
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+Install is used to install packages by name. The package is
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automatically fetched and installed. This can be useful if you already
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know the name of the package to install and do not want to go into a GUI
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to select it. Any number of packages may be passed to install, they will
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all be fetched. Install automatically attempts to resolve dependency problems
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with the listed packages and will print a summary and ask for confirmation
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-if anything other than it's arguments are changed
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+if anything other than its arguments are changed.
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<tag>dist-upgrade<item>
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-Dist-upgrade is a complete upgrader designed to make simple upgrading between
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+Dist-upgrade is a complete upgrader designed to simplify upgrading between
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releases of Debian. It uses a sophisticated algorithm to determine the best
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set of packages to install, upgrade and remove to get as much of the system
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to the newest release. In some situations it may be desired to use dist-upgrade
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@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ decisions may sometimes be quite surprising.
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</taglist>
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<p>
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-<prgn>apt-get</> has several command line options that are detailed in it's
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+<prgn>apt-get</> has several command line options that are detailed in its
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man page, <manref name="apt-get" section="8">. The most useful option is
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<tt>-d</> which does not install the fetched files. If the system has to
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download a large number of package it would be undesired to start installing
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@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ US is legal however.
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<p>
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The components list refers to the list of sub distributions to fetch. The
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-distribution is split up based on software copyright, main being DFSG free
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+distribution is split up based on software licenses, main being DFSG free
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packages while contrib and non-free contain things that have various
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restrictions placed on their use and distribution.
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@@ -251,8 +251,8 @@ the [C]onfig and [R]emove commands have no meaning, the [I]nstall command
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performs both of them together.
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<p>
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-By default APT will automatically remove the packages once they have been
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-sucessfully installed. To change this behavor place <tt>Dselect::clean
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+By default APT will automatically remove the package (.deb) files once they have been
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+successfully installed. To change this behavior place <tt>Dselect::clean
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"prompt";</> in /etc/apt/apt.conf.
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</chapt>
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@@ -278,14 +278,14 @@ how much is left to do.
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<sect>Startup
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<p>
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-Before all operations, except update, APT performs a number of actions to
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-prepare its internal state. It also does some checks of the systems state.
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+Before all operations except update, APT performs a number of actions to
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+prepare its internal state. It also does some checks of the system's state.
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At any time these operations can be performed by running <tt>apt-get check</>.
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<p>
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<example>
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# apt-get check
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Reading Package Lists... Done
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-Building Dependancy Tree... Done
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+Building Dependency Tree... Done
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</example>
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<p>
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@@ -297,14 +297,14 @@ and a warning will be printed when apt-get exits.
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<p>
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The final operation performs a detailed analysis of the system's dependencies.
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It checks every dependency of every installed or unpacked package and considers
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-if it is ok. Should this find a problem then a report will be printed out and
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+if it is OK. Should this find a problem then a report will be printed out and
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<prgn>apt-get</> will refuse to run.
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<p>
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<example>
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# apt-get check
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Reading Package Lists... Done
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-Building Dependancy Tree... Done
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+Building Dependency Tree... Done
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You might want to run apt-get -f install' to correct these.
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Sorry, but the following packages have unmet dependencies:
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9fonts: Depends: xlib6g but it is not installed
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@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ package may have been unpacked without its dependents being installed.
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<p>
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The second situation is much less serious than the first because APT places
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-certain assurances on the order that packages are installed. In both cases
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+certain constraints on the order that packages are installed. In both cases
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supplying the <tt>-f</> option to <prgn>apt-get</> will cause APT to deduce a
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possible solution to the problem and then continue on. The APT <prgn>dselect</>
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method always supplies the <tt>-f</> option to allow for easy continuation
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@@ -395,7 +395,7 @@ should be given a careful inspection to ensure nothing important is to
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be taken off. The <tt>-f</> option is especially good at generating packages
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to remove so extreme care should be used in that case. The list may contain
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packages that are going to be removed because they are only
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-partially removed, possibly due to an aborted installation.
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+partially installed, possibly due to an aborted installation.
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</sect1>
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<sect1>The New Packages list
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@@ -498,7 +498,7 @@ files. Unfortunately since the size of the Package files is unknown
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inaccuracies.
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<p>
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-The next section of the status line is repeated once for each dowload thread
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+The next section of the status line is repeated once for each download thread
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and indicates the operation being performed and some useful information
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about what is happening. Sometimes this section will simply read <em>Forking</>
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which means the OS is loading the download module. The first word after the [
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@@ -511,11 +511,11 @@ Inside of the single quote is an informative string indicating the progress
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of the negotiation phase of the download. Typically it progresses from
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<em>Connecting</> to <em>Waiting for file</> to <em>Downloading</> or
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<em>Resuming</>. The final value is the number of bytes downloaded from the
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-remote site. Once the download begings this is represented as <tt>102/10.2k</>
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+remote site. Once the download begins this is represented as <tt>102/10.2k</>
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indicating that 102 bytes have been fetched and 10.2 kilobytes is expected.
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The total size is always shown in 4 figure notation to preserve space. After
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the size display is a percent meter for the file itself.
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-The second last element is the instantenous average speed. This values is
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+The second last element is the instantaneous average speed. This values is
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updated every 5 seconds and reflects the rate of data transfer for that
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period. Finally is shown the estimated transfer time. This is updated
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regularly and reflects the time to complete everything at the shown
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Arch Librarian